Compare pandemic and seasonal influenza

Seasonal Influenza

Influenza A or B strains same as previous years or minor variation only.

• Many people may have some immune protection from exposure in previous years.

Pandemic viruses happen only two or three times in a century. They can occur at any time of the year.

• Pandemic influenza usually comes in 2–3 waves several months apart.
• Each wave lasts about 2–3 months.

A nose swab (nasopharyngeal swab) may be taken:

• In cases of moderate to severe symptoms;
• To confirm the diagnosis when clinically indicated.

A nose swab may be taken:

• At the beginning of the influenza season;
• In cases of moderate to severe symptoms;
• If symptoms noted outside of influenza season.

Same as seasonal influenza, but may include:

• Nausea;
• Vomiting;
• Diarrhea.

Seasonal influenza symptoms:

• Fever greater than 38 C; and
• Cough; and
• Fatigue; and
• Muscle aches; or
• Lack of appetite; or
• Runny or stuffy nose.

People with chronic illnesses are at greater risk of more serious illness, especially those with asthma.

• Practice self-care and stay home from work or school for seven days after the start of your symptoms and until you are able to resume daily activities.
• Rest and avoid close contact with others until your symptoms have gone away.
• If symptoms are not improving or worsen, contact your health care provider.

Same.

• Read self-care information.

• Clean your hands frequently, especially after coughing, sneezing or blowing your nose. Wash your hands with soap and water, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer.
• Cough and sneeze into your arm, not your hand.
• Keep your hands away from your eyes, nose and mouth.
• Keep common surfaces clean and disinfected, if possible.
• Avoid touching common surfaces with your hands, if possible, and ensure you clean your hands regularly.
• Avoid close contact with people who are experiencing influenza like symptoms.
• Get the pandemic influenza vaccine if available.
• Other steps to keep yourself healthy include:
  • Healthy eating;
  • Maintaining an active lifestyle;
  • Getting enough rest and sleep; and
  • Don't smoke and avoid second hand smoke.

Same prevention, and

• Get the seasonal influenza vaccine every year.

• May be prescribed under certain circumstances.
• Not recommended for mild symptoms.